Asylum application is a form of protection available to people who are already in the United States or are seeking admission at a port of entry. It is granted to those who have suffered persecution or have a well-founded fear of future persecution in their home country due to their race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group.
The U.S. asylum process
There are two main ways to apply for asylum in the U.S.:
- Affirmative asylum: This path is for individuals who are not in removal proceedings. They proactively apply through USCIS, which involves an interview with an asylum officer.
- Defensive asylum: This is for people who are in removal proceedings in immigration court. They request asylum as a defense against being deported.
Benefits of asylum application
If granted asylum, a person is given protection from being returned to their home country and may also be eligible for the following benefits:
- Work authorization
- A path to lawful permanent resident status (a “green card”) one year after receiving asylum
- A path to U.S. citizenship after becoming a permanent resident
- Certain government programs and services, including assistance with resettlement
